<apex:page controller="myClass" action="{!init}"</apex:page>
public class myClass {
public void init() {
Id id = ApexPages.currentPage().getParameters().get('id');
Account obj = [select id, Name FROM Account WHERE id = :id];
delete obj;
return ;
}
}
<apex:page controller="SOQLController" >
<apex:form>
<apex:outputText value="Enter Name" />
<apex:inputText value="{!name}" />
<apex:commandButton value="Query" action="{!query}“ />
</apex:form>
</apex:page>
public class SOQLController {
public String name {
get { return name;}
set { name = value;}
}
public PageReference query() {
String qryString = 'SELECT Id FROM Contact WHERE ' +
'(IsDeleted = false and Name like \'%' + name + '%\')';
List<Contact> queryResult = Database.query(qryString);
System.debug('query result is ' + queryResult);
return null;
}
}
public class SOQLController {
public String name {
get { return name;}
set { name = value;}
}
public PageReference query() {
String queryName = '%' + name + '%';
List<Contact> queryResult = [SELECT Id FROM Contact WHERE
(IsDeleted = false and Name like :queryName)];
System.debug('query result is ' + queryResult);
return null;
}
}
public with sharing class CWith {
// All code in this class operates with enforced sharing rules.
Account a = [SELECT . . . ];
public static void m() { . . . }
static {
. . .
}
{
. . .
}
public void c() {
. . .
}
}
public without sharing class CWithout {
// All code in this class ignores sharing rules and operates
// as if the context user has the Modify All Data permission.
Account a = [SELECT . . . ];
. . .
public static void m() {
. . .
// This call into CWith operates with enforced sharing rules
// for the context user. When the call finishes, the code execution
// returns to without sharing mode.
CWith.m();
}
public class CInner {
// All code in this class executes with the same sharing context
// as the code that calls it.
// Inner classes are separate from outer classes.
. . .
// Again, this call into CWith operates with enforced sharing rules
// for the context user, regardless of the class that initially called this inner class.
// When the call finishes, the code execution returns to the sharing mode that was used to call this inner class.
CWith.m();
}
public class CInnerWithOut extends CWithout {
// All code in this class ignores sharing rules because
// this class extends a parent class that ignores sharing rules.
}
}
@isTest
public with sharing class ElevateUserModeOperations_Test {
@isTest
static void objectCreatePermViaPermissionSet() {
Profile p = [SELECT Id FROM Profile WHERE Name='Minimum Access - Salesforce'];
User u = new User(Alias = 'standt', Email='standarduser@testorg.com',
EmailEncodingKey='UTF-8', LastName='Testing', LanguageLocaleKey='en_US',
LocaleSidKey='en_US', ProfileId = p.Id,
TimeZoneSidKey='America/Los_Angeles',
UserName='standarduser' + DateTime.now().getTime() + '@testorg.com');
System.runAs(u) {
try {
Database.insert(new Account(name='foo'), AccessLevel.User_mode);
Assert.fail();
} catch (SecurityException ex) {
Assert.isTrue(ex.getMessage().contains('Account'));
}
//Get ID of previously created permission set named 'AllowCreateToAccount'
Id permissionSetId = [Select Id from PermissionSet
where Name = 'AllowCreateToAccount' limit 1].Id;
Database.insert(new Account(name='foo'), AccessLevel.User_mode.withPermissionSetId(permissionSetId));
// The elevated access level is not persisted to subsequent operations
try {
Database.insert(new Account(name='foo2'), AccessLevel.User_mode);
Assert.fail();
} catch (SecurityException ex) {
Assert.isTrue(ex.getMessage().contains('Account'));
}
}
}
}
List<Account> newAccounts = new List<Account>();
Account a = new Account(Name='Acme Corporation');
Account b = new Account(Name='Blaze Comics', Rating=’Warm’);
newAccounts.add(a);
newAccounts.add(b);
SObjectAccessDecision securityDecision = Security.stripInaccessible(
AccessType.CREATABLE, newAccounts);
// No exceptions are thrown and no rating is set
insert securityDecision.getRecords();
System.debug(securityDecision.getRemovedFields().get('Account')); // Prints "Rating"
System.debug(securityDecision.getModifiedIndexes()); // Prints "1"
// Account__c is a lookup from MyCustomObject__c to Account
@IsTest
public class TestCustomObjectLookupStripped {
@IsTest static void caseCustomObjectStripped() {
Account a = new Account(Name='foo');
insert a;
List<MyCustomObject__c> records = new List<MyCustomObject__c>{
new MyCustomObject__c(Name='Custom0', Account__c=a.id)
};
insert records;
records = [SELECT Id, Account__c FROM MyCustomObject__c];
SObjectAccessDecision securityDecision = Security.stripInaccessible
(AccessType.READABLE, records);
// Verify stripped records
System.assertEquals(1, securityDecision.getRecords().size());
for (SObject strippedRecord : securityDecision.getRecords()) {
System.debug('Id should be set as Id fields are ignored: ' +
strippedRecord.isSet('Id')); // prints true
System.debug('Lookup field FLS is not READABLE to running user,
should not be set: ' +
strippedRecord.isSet('Account__c')); // prints false
}
}
}
SOQL SELECT例如，如果用户具有 LastName 的字段访问权限，则此查询将返回 Id 和 LastName 用于 Acme 帐户条目。
List<Account> act1 = [SELECT Id, (SELECT LastName FROM Contacts)
FROM Account WHERE Name like 'Acme' WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED]
使用 查询多态查找字段时存在一些限制。多态场是关系 可以指向多个实体的字段。
WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED
在使用 的查询中不支持遍历多态字段的关系。例如，您不能在此查询中使用 返回 User 和 Calendar 实体的 Id 和 Owner 名称：。WITH SECURITY_ENFORCEDWITH SECURITY_ENFORCEDSELECT Id, What.Name FROM Event WHERE What.Type IN (’User’,’Calendar’)
在使用 的查询中不支持将表达式与子句一起使用。 在 SELECT 查询中用于指定要为 给定多态关系的类型。例如，不能在此查询中使用。查询 指定要为 Account 和 Opportunity 对象返回的某些字段，以及 Name 和 要为所有其他对象返回的电子邮件字段。TYPEOFELSEWITH SECURITY_ENFORCEDTYPEOFWITH SECURITY_ENFORCEDSELECT TYPE OF What WHEN Account THEN Phone WHEN Opportunity THEN Amount ELSE Name,Email END FROM Event
在 Salesforce 用户界面，自定义对象上的“原因”字段 指定用于记录的共享类型。此字段在 Apex 或 API 中调用。rowCause每个 以下列表项是一种用于记录的共享类型。这些表显示“原因”字段值和相关值。
rowCause
托管共享Reason Field ValuerowCause Value (Used in Apex or the API)Account SharingImplicitChildAssociated record owner or sharingImplicitParentOwnerOwnerOpportunity TeamTeamSharing RuleRule区域分配规则TerritoryRule
用户管理共享原因字段价值rowCause值（在 Apex 或 API 中使用）手动共享Manual领地手册TerritoryManual注意使用企业 API 版本 45.0 及更高版本中的 Territory Management 取代了 .Territory2AssociationManualTerritoryManual
Apex 托管共享原因字段价值rowCause值（在 Apex 或 API 中使用）由开发人员定义由开发人员定义
public class JobSharing {
public static boolean manualShareRead(Id recordId, Id userOrGroupId){
// Create new sharing object for the custom object Job.
Job__Share jobShr = new Job__Share();
// Set the ID of record being shared.
jobShr.ParentId = recordId;
// Set the ID of user or group being granted access.
jobShr.UserOrGroupId = userOrGroupId;
// Set the access level.
jobShr.AccessLevel = 'Read';
// Set rowCause to 'manual' for manual sharing.
// This line can be omitted as 'manual' is the default value for sharing objects.
jobShr.RowCause = Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Manual;
// Insert the sharing record and capture the save result.
// The false parameter allows for partial processing if multiple records passed
// into the operation.
Database.SaveResult sr = Database.insert(jobShr,false);
// Process the save results.
if(sr.isSuccess()){
// Indicates success
return true;
}
else {
// Get first save result error.
Database.Error err = sr.getErrors()[0];
// Check if the error is related to trival access level.
// Access level must be more permissive than the object's default.
// These sharing records are not required and thus an insert exception is acceptable.
if(err.getStatusCode() == StatusCode.FIELD_FILTER_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION &&
err.getMessage().contains('AccessLevel')){
// Indicates success.
return true;
}
else{
// Indicates failure.
return false;
}
}
}
}
@isTest
private class JobSharingTest {
// Test for the manualShareRead method
static testMethod void testManualShareRead(){
// Select users for the test.
List<User> users = [SELECT Id FROM User WHERE IsActive = true LIMIT 2];
Id User1Id = users[0].Id;
Id User2Id = users[1].Id;
// Create new job.
Job__c j = new Job__c();
j.Name = 'Test Job';
j.OwnerId = user1Id;
insert j;
// Insert manual share for user who is not record owner.
System.assertEquals(JobSharing.manualShareRead(j.Id, user2Id), true);
// Query job sharing records.
List<Job__Share> jShrs = [SELECT Id, UserOrGroupId, AccessLevel,
RowCause FROM job__share WHERE ParentId = :j.Id AND UserOrGroupId= :user2Id];
// Test for only one manual share on job.
System.assertEquals(jShrs.size(), 1, 'Set the object\'s sharing model to Private.');
// Test attributes of manual share.
System.assertEquals(jShrs[0].AccessLevel, 'Read');
System.assertEquals(jShrs[0].RowCause, 'Manual');
System.assertEquals(jShrs[0].UserOrGroupId, user2Id);
// Test invalid job Id.
delete j;
// Insert manual share for deleted job id.
System.assertEquals(JobSharing.manualShareRead(j.Id, user2Id), false);
}
}
trigger JobApexSharing on Job__c (after insert) {
if(trigger.isInsert){
// Create a new list of sharing objects for Job
List<Job__Share> jobShrs = new List<Job__Share>();
// Declare variables for recruiting and hiring manager sharing
Job__Share recruiterShr;
Job__Share hmShr;
for(Job__c job : trigger.new){
// Instantiate the sharing objects
recruiterShr = new Job__Share();
hmShr = new Job__Share();
// Set the ID of record being shared
recruiterShr.ParentId = job.Id;
hmShr.ParentId = job.Id;
// Set the ID of user or group being granted access
recruiterShr.UserOrGroupId = job.Recruiter__c;
hmShr.UserOrGroupId = job.Hiring_Manager__c;
// Set the access level
recruiterShr.AccessLevel = 'edit';
hmShr.AccessLevel = 'read';
// Set the Apex sharing reason for hiring manager and recruiter
recruiterShr.RowCause = Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Recruiter__c;
hmShr.RowCause = Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Hiring_Manager__c;
// Add objects to list for insert
jobShrs.add(recruiterShr);
jobShrs.add(hmShr);
}
// Insert sharing records and capture save result
// The false parameter allows for partial processing if multiple records are passed
// into the operation
Database.SaveResult[] lsr = Database.insert(jobShrs,false);
// Create counter
Integer i=0;
// Process the save results
for(Database.SaveResult sr : lsr){
if(!sr.isSuccess()){
// Get the first save result error
Database.Error err = sr.getErrors()[0];
// Check if the error is related to a trivial access level
// Access levels equal or more permissive than the object's default
// access level are not allowed.
// These sharing records are not required and thus an insert exception is
// acceptable.
if(!(err.getStatusCode() == StatusCode.FIELD_FILTER_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION
&& err.getMessage().contains('AccessLevel'))){
// Throw an error when the error is not related to trivial access level.
trigger.newMap.get(jobShrs[i].ParentId).
addError(
'Unable to grant sharing access due to following exception: '
+ err.getMessage());
}
}
i++;
}
}
}
global class JobSharingRecalc implements Database.Batchable<sObject> {
// String to hold email address that emails will be sent to.
// Replace its value with a valid email address.
static String emailAddress = 'admin@yourcompany.com';
// The start method is called at the beginning of a sharing recalculation.
// This method returns a SOQL query locator containing the records
// to be recalculated.
global Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC){
return Database.getQueryLocator([SELECT Id, Hiring_Manager__c, Recruiter__c
FROM Job__c]);
}
// The executeBatch method is called for each chunk of records returned from start.
global void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC, List<sObject> scope){
// Create a map for the chunk of records passed into method.
Map<ID, Job__c> jobMap = new Map<ID, Job__c>((List<Job__c>)scope);
// Create a list of Job__Share objects to be inserted.
List<Job__Share> newJobShrs = new List<Job__Share>();
// Locate all existing sharing records for the Job records in the batch.
// Only records using an Apex sharing reason for this app should be returned.
List<Job__Share> oldJobShrs = [SELECT Id FROM Job__Share WHERE ParentId IN
:jobMap.keySet() AND
(RowCause = :Schema.Job__Share.rowCause.Recruiter__c OR
RowCause = :Schema.Job__Share.rowCause.Hiring_Manager__c)];
// Construct new sharing records for the hiring manager and recruiter
// on each Job record.
for(Job__c job : jobMap.values()){
Job__Share jobHMShr = new Job__Share();
Job__Share jobRecShr = new Job__Share();
// Set the ID of user (hiring manager) on the Job record being granted access.
jobHMShr.UserOrGroupId = job.Hiring_Manager__c;
// The hiring manager on the job should always have 'Read Only' access.
jobHMShr.AccessLevel = 'Read';
// The ID of the record being shared
jobHMShr.ParentId = job.Id;
// Set the rowCause to the Apex sharing reason for hiring manager.
// This establishes the sharing record as Apex managed sharing.
jobHMShr.RowCause = Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Hiring_Manager__c;
// Add sharing record to list for insertion.
newJobShrs.add(jobHMShr);
// Set the ID of user (recruiter) on the Job record being granted access.
jobRecShr.UserOrGroupId = job.Recruiter__c;
// The recruiter on the job should always have 'Read/Write' access.
jobRecShr.AccessLevel = 'Edit';
// The ID of the record being shared
jobRecShr.ParentId = job.Id;
// Set the rowCause to the Apex sharing reason for recruiter.
// This establishes the sharing record as Apex managed sharing.
jobRecShr.RowCause = Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Recruiter__c;
// Add the sharing record to the list for insertion.
newJobShrs.add(jobRecShr);
}
try {
// Delete the existing sharing records.
// This allows new sharing records to be written from scratch.
Delete oldJobShrs;
// Insert the new sharing records and capture the save result.
// The false parameter allows for partial processing if multiple records are
// passed into operation.
Database.SaveResult[] lsr = Database.insert(newJobShrs,false);
// Process the save results for insert.
for(Database.SaveResult sr : lsr){
if(!sr.isSuccess()){
// Get the first save result error.
Database.Error err = sr.getErrors()[0];
// Check if the error is related to trivial access level.
// Access levels equal or more permissive than the object's default
// access level are not allowed.
// These sharing records are not required and thus an insert exception
// is acceptable.
if(!(err.getStatusCode() == StatusCode.FIELD_FILTER_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION
&& err.getMessage().contains('AccessLevel'))){
// Error is not related to trivial access level.
// Send an email to the Apex job's submitter.
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
String[] toAddresses = new String[] {emailAddress};
mail.setToAddresses(toAddresses);
mail.setSubject('Apex Sharing Recalculation Exception');
mail.setPlainTextBody(
'The Apex sharing recalculation threw the following exception: ' +
err.getMessage());
Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });
}
}
}
} catch(DmlException e) {
// Send an email to the Apex job's submitter on failure.
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
String[] toAddresses = new String[] {emailAddress};
mail.setToAddresses(toAddresses);
mail.setSubject('Apex Sharing Recalculation Exception');
mail.setPlainTextBody(
'The Apex sharing recalculation threw the following exception: ' +
e.getMessage());
Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });
}
}
// The finish method is called at the end of a sharing recalculation.
global void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){
// Send an email to the Apex job's submitter notifying of job completion.
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
String[] toAddresses = new String[] {emailAddress};
mail.setToAddresses(toAddresses);
mail.setSubject('Apex Sharing Recalculation Completed.');
mail.setPlainTextBody
('The Apex sharing recalculation finished processing');
Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });
}
}
@isTest
private class JobSharingTester {
// Test for the JobSharingRecalc class
static testMethod void testApexSharing(){
// Instantiate the class implementing the Database.Batchable interface.
JobSharingRecalc recalc = new JobSharingRecalc();
// Select users for the test.
List<User> users = [SELECT Id FROM User WHERE IsActive = true LIMIT 2];
ID User1Id = users[0].Id;
ID User2Id = users[1].Id;
// Insert some test job records.
List<Job__c> testJobs = new List<Job__c>();
for (Integer i=0;i<5;i++) {
Job__c j = new Job__c();
j.Name = 'Test Job ' + i;
j.Recruiter__c = User1Id;
j.Hiring_Manager__c = User2Id;
testJobs.add(j);
}
insert testJobs;
Test.startTest();
// Invoke the Batch class.
String jobId = Database.executeBatch(recalc);
Test.stopTest();
// Get the Apex job and verify there are no errors.
AsyncApexJob aaj = [Select JobType, TotalJobItems, JobItemsProcessed, Status,
CompletedDate, CreatedDate, NumberOfErrors
from AsyncApexJob where Id = :jobId];
System.assertEquals(0, aaj.NumberOfErrors);
// This query returns jobs and related sharing records that were inserted
// by the batch job's execute method.
List<Job__c> jobs = [SELECT Id, Hiring_Manager__c, Recruiter__c,
(SELECT Id, ParentId, UserOrGroupId, AccessLevel, RowCause FROM Shares
WHERE (RowCause = :Schema.Job__Share.rowCause.Recruiter__c OR
RowCause = :Schema.Job__Share.rowCause.Hiring_Manager__c))
FROM Job__c];
// Validate that Apex managed sharing exists on jobs.
for(Job__c job : jobs){
// Two Apex managed sharing records should exist for each job
// when using the Private org-wide default.
System.assert(job.Shares.size() == 2);
for(Job__Share jobShr : job.Shares){
// Test the sharing record for hiring manager on job.
if(jobShr.RowCause == Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Hiring_Manager__c){
System.assertEquals(jobShr.UserOrGroupId,job.Hiring_Manager__c);
System.assertEquals(jobShr.AccessLevel,'Read');
}
// Test the sharing record for recruiter on job.
else if(jobShr.RowCause == Schema.Job__Share.RowCause.Recruiter__c){
System.assertEquals(jobShr.UserOrGroupId,job.Recruiter__c);
System.assertEquals(jobShr.AccessLevel,'Edit');
}
}
}
}
}
// Create a new account as the generic type sObject
sObject s = new Account();
// Verify that the generic sObject is an Account sObject
System.assert(s.getsObjectType() == Account.sObjectType);
// Get the sObject describe result for the Account object
Schema.DescribeSObjectResult dsr = Account.sObjectType.getDescribe();
// Get the field describe result for the Name field on the Account object
Schema.DescribeFieldResult dfr = Schema.sObjectType.Account.fields.Name;
// Verify that the field token is the token for the Name field on an Account object
System.assert(dfr.getSObjectField() == Account.Name);
// Get the field describe result from the token
dfr = dfr.getSObjectField().getDescribe();
Account a = new Account();
Schema.sObjectType t = a.getSObjectType();
此示例可用于确定 sObject 或 sObject 列表是否属于 特殊类型：
// Create a generic sObject variable s
SObject s = Database.query('SELECT Id FROM Account LIMIT 1');
// Verify if that sObject variable is an Account token
System.assertEquals(s.getSObjectType(), Account.sObjectType);
// Create a list of generic sObjects
List<sObject> sobjList = new Account[]{};
// Verify if the list of sObjects contains Account tokens
System.assertEquals(sobjList.getSObjectType(), Account.sObjectType);
// Get the describe result for the Name field on the Account object
Schema.DescribeFieldResult dfr = Schema.sObjectType.Account.fields.Name;
// Verify that the field token is the token for the Name field on an Account object
System.assert(dfr.getSObjectField() == Account.Name);
// Get the describe result from the token
dfr = dfr.getSObjectField().getDescribe();
// sObject types to describe
String[] types = new String[]{'Account','Merchandise__c'};
// Make the describe call
Schema.DescribeSobjectResult[] results = Schema.describeSObjects(types);
System.debug('Got describe information for ' + results.size() + ' sObjects.');
// For each returned result, get some info
for(Schema.DescribeSobjectResult res : results) {
System.debug('sObject Label: ' + res.getLabel());
System.debug('Number of fields: ' + res.fields.getMap().size());
System.debug(res.isCustom() ? 'This is a custom object.' : 'This is a standard object.');
// Get child relationships
Schema.ChildRelationship[] rels = res.getChildRelationships();
if (rels.size() > 0) {
System.debug(res.getName() + ' has ' + rels.size() + ' child relationships.');
}
}
public class DescribeDataCategoryGroupSample {
public static List<DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult> describeDataCategoryGroupSample(){
List<DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult> describeCategoryResult;
try {
//Creating the list of sobjects to use for the describe
//call
List<String> objType = new List<String>();
objType.add('KnowledgeArticleVersion');
objType.add('Question');
//Describe Call
describeCategoryResult = Schema.describeDataCategoryGroups(objType);
//Using the results and retrieving the information
for(DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult singleResult : describeCategoryResult){
//Getting the name of the category
singleResult.getName();
//Getting the name of label
singleResult.getLabel();
//Getting description
singleResult.getDescription();
//Getting the sobject
singleResult.getSobject();
}
} catch(Exception e){
}
return describeCategoryResult;
}
}
public class DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructures {
public static List<DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResult>
getDescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResults(){
List<DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult> describeCategoryResult;
List<DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResult> describeCategoryStructureResult;
try {
//Making the call to the describeDataCategoryGroups to
//get the list of category groups associated
List<String> objType = new List<String>();
objType.add('KnowledgeArticleVersion');
objType.add('Question');
describeCategoryResult = Schema.describeDataCategoryGroups(objType);
//Creating a list of pair objects to use as a parameter
//for the describe call
List<DataCategoryGroupSobjectTypePair> pairs =
new List<DataCategoryGroupSobjectTypePair>();
//Looping throught the first describe result to create
//the list of pairs for the second describe call
for(DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult singleResult :
describeCategoryResult){
DataCategoryGroupSobjectTypePair p =
new DataCategoryGroupSobjectTypePair();
p.setSobject(singleResult.getSobject());
p.setDataCategoryGroupName(singleResult.getName());
pairs.add(p);
}
//describeDataCategoryGroupStructures()
describeCategoryStructureResult =
Schema.describeDataCategoryGroupStructures(pairs, false);
//Getting data from the result
for(DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResult singleResult : describeCategoryStructureResult){
//Get name of the associated Sobject
singleResult.getSobject();
//Get the name of the data category group
singleResult.getName();
//Get the name of the data category group
singleResult.getLabel();
//Get the description of the data category group
singleResult.getDescription();
//Get the top level categories
DataCategory [] toplevelCategories =
singleResult.getTopCategories();
//Recursively get all the categories
List<DataCategory> allCategories =
getAllCategories(toplevelCategories);
for(DataCategory category : allCategories) {
//Get the name of the category
category.getName();
//Get the label of the category
category.getLabel();
//Get the list of sub categories in the category
DataCategory [] childCategories =
category.getChildCategories();
}
}
} catch (Exception e){
}
return describeCategoryStructureResult;
}
private static DataCategory[] getAllCategories(DataCategory [] categories){
if(categories.isEmpty()){
return new DataCategory[]{};
} else {
DataCategory [] categoriesClone = categories.clone();
DataCategory category = categoriesClone[0];
DataCategory[] allCategories = new DataCategory[]{category};
categoriesClone.remove(0);
categoriesClone.addAll(category.getChildCategories());
allCategories.addAll(getAllCategories(categoriesClone));
return allCategories;
}
}
}
@isTest
private class DescribeDataCategoryGroupSampleTest {
public static testMethod void describeDataCategoryGroupSampleTest(){
List<DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult>describeResult =
DescribeDataCategoryGroupSample.describeDataCategoryGroupSample();
//Assuming that you have KnowledgeArticleVersion and Questions
//associated with only one category group 'Regions'.
System.assert(describeResult.size() == 2,
'The results should only contain two results: ' + describeResult.size());
for(DescribeDataCategoryGroupResult result : describeResult) {
//Storing the results
String name = result.getName();
String label = result.getLabel();
String description = result.getDescription();
String objectNames = result.getSobject();
//asserting the values to make sure
System.assert(name == 'Regions',
'Incorrect name was returned: ' + name);
System.assert(label == 'Regions of the World',
'Incorrect label was returned: ' + label);
System.assert(description == 'This is the category group for all the regions',
'Incorrect description was returned: ' + description);
System.assert(objectNames.contains('KnowledgeArticleVersion')
|| objectNames.contains('Question'),
'Incorrect sObject was returned: ' + objectNames);
}
}
}
@isTest
private class DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructuresTest {
public static testMethod void getDescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResultsTest(){
List<Schema.DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResult> describeResult =
DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructures.getDescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResults();
System.assert(describeResult.size() == 2,
'The results should only contain 2 results: ' + describeResult.size());
//Creating category info
CategoryInfo world = new CategoryInfo('World', 'World');
CategoryInfo asia = new CategoryInfo('Asia', 'Asia');
CategoryInfo northAmerica = new CategoryInfo('NorthAmerica',
'North America');
CategoryInfo southAmerica = new CategoryInfo('SouthAmerica',
'South America');
CategoryInfo europe = new CategoryInfo('Europe', 'Europe');
List<CategoryInfo> info = new CategoryInfo[] {
asia, northAmerica, southAmerica, europe
};
for (Schema.DescribeDataCategoryGroupStructureResult result : describeResult) {
String name = result.getName();
String label = result.getLabel();
String description = result.getDescription();
String objectNames = result.getSobject();
//asserting the values to make sure
System.assert(name == 'Regions',
'Incorrect name was returned: ' + name);
System.assert(label == 'Regions of the World',
'Incorrect label was returned: ' + label);
System.assert(description == 'This is the category group for all the regions',
'Incorrect description was returned: ' + description);
System.assert(objectNames.contains('KnowledgeArticleVersion')
|| objectNames.contains('Question'),
'Incorrect sObject was returned: ' + objectNames);
DataCategory [] topLevelCategories = result.getTopCategories();
System.assert(topLevelCategories.size() == 1,
'Incorrect number of top level categories returned: ' + topLevelCategories.size());
System.assert(topLevelCategories[0].getLabel() == world.getLabel() &&
topLevelCategories[0].getName() == world.getName());
//checking if the correct children are returned
DataCategory [] children = topLevelCategories[0].getChildCategories();
System.assert(children.size() == 4,
'Incorrect number of children returned: ' + children.size());
for(Integer i=0; i < children.size(); i++){
System.assert(children[i].getLabel() == info[i].getLabel() &&
children[i].getName() == info[i].getName());
}
}
}
private class CategoryInfo {
private final String name;
private final String label;
private CategoryInfo(String n, String l){
this.name = n;
this.label = l;
}
public String getName(){
return this.name;
}
public String getLabel(){
return this.label;
}
}
}
String myTestString = 'TestName';
List<sObject> sobjList = Database.query('SELECT Id FROM MyCustomObject__c WHERE Name = :myTestString');
然而 与内联 SOQL 不同，不能在查询字符串中使用绑定变量字段。以下示例 不受支持，并导致错误。
Database.queryVariable does not exist
MyCustomObject__c myVariable = new MyCustomObject__c(field1__c ='TestField');
List<sObject> sobjList = Database.query('SELECT Id FROM MyCustomObject__c WHERE field1__c = :myVariable.field1__c');
你 可以改为将变量字段解析为字符串，并在 动态 SOQL 查询：
String resolvedField1 = myVariable.field1__c;
List<sObject> sobjList = Database.query('SELECT Id FROM MyCustomObject__c WHERE field1__c = :resolvedField1');
Map<String, Object> acctBinds = new Map<String, Object>{'acctName' => 'Acme Corporation'};
List<Account> accts =
Database.queryWithBinds('SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = :acctName',
acctBinds,
AccessLevel.USER_MODE);
Search.SearchResults searchResults = Search.find('FIND \'test\' IN ALL FIELDS RETURNING
KnowledgeArticleVersion(id, title WHERE PublishStatus = \'Online\' AND Language = \'en_US\') WITH SNIPPET (target_length=120)');
List<Search.SearchResult> articlelist = searchResults.get('KnowledgeArticleVersion');
for (Search.SearchResult searchResult : articleList) {
KnowledgeArticleVersion article = (KnowledgeArticleVersion) searchResult.getSObject();
System.debug(article.Title);
System.debug(searchResult.getSnippet());
}
// Get a new account
Account a = new Account();
// Get the token for the account
Schema.sObjectType tokenA = a.getSObjectType();
// The following produces an error because the token is a generic sObject, not an Account
// Account b = tokenA.newSObject();
// The following works because the token is cast back into an Account
Account b = (Account)tokenA.newSObject();
public class DynamicSObjectCreation {
public static sObject createObject(String typeName) {
Schema.SObjectType targetType = Schema.getGlobalDescribe().get(typeName);
if (targetType == null) {
// throw an exception
}
// Instantiate an sObject with the type passed in as an argument
// at run time.
return targetType.newSObject();
}
}
@isTest
private class DynamicSObjectCreationTest {
static testmethod void testObjectCreation() {
String typeName = 'Account';
String acctName = 'Acme';
// Create a new sObject by passing the sObject type as an argument.
Account a = (Account)DynamicSObjectCreation.createObject(typeName);
System.assertEquals(typeName, String.valueOf(a.getSobjectType()));
// Set the account name and insert the account.
a.Name = acctName;
insert a;
// Verify the new sObject got inserted.
Account[] b = [SELECT Name from Account WHERE Name = :acctName];
system.assert(b.size() > 0);
}
}
设置和检索 字段值
在对象上使用 and 方法，以使用 API 名称 表示为 String 的字段，或字段的标记。在以下示例中，API 名称 字段用于：getputAccountNumber
SObject s = [SELECT AccountNumber FROM Account LIMIT 1];
Object o = s.get('AccountNumber');
s.put('AccountNumber', 'abc');
以下示例改用字段的令牌：AccountNumber
Schema.DescribeFieldResult dfr = Schema.sObjectType.Account.fields.AccountNumber;
Sobject s = Database.query('SELECT AccountNumber FROM Account LIMIT 1');
s.put(dfr.getsObjectField(), '12345');
List<Account> myList = new List<Account>(); // Define a new list
Account a = new Account(Name='Acme'); // Create the account first
myList.add(a); // Add the account sObject
Account a2 = myList.get(0); // Retrieve the element at index 0
批量处理
您可以通过将列表传递给 DML 操作来批量处理 sObject 列表。这 示例演示如何插入 帐户。
// Define the list
List<Account> acctList = new List<Account>();
// Create account sObjects
Account a1 = new Account(Name='Account1');
Account a2 = new Account(Name='Account2');
// Add accounts to the list
acctList.add(a1);
acctList.add(a2);
// Bulk insert the list
insert acctList;
注意
如果批量插入知识文章版本，请将所有 记录相同。
记录 ID 生成
Apex 会自动为插入或更新插入的 sObject 列表中的每个对象生成 ID 使用 DML。因此，包含多个 sObject 实例的列表不能 即使它有 ID，也会插入或更新插入。这种情况意味着需要将两个 ID 写入相同的 ID 内存中的结构，这是非法的。null
例如，以下代码块中的语句生成 a 因为它 尝试插入一个列表，其中包含对同一 sObject （） 的两个引用：insertListExceptiona
try {
// Create a list with two references to the same sObject element
Account a = new Account();
List<Account> accs = new List<Account>{a, a};
// Attempt to insert it...
insert accs;
// Will not get here
System.assert(false);
} catch (ListException e) {
// But will get here
}
public class OpportunityWrapper implements Comparable {
public Opportunity oppy;
// Constructor
public OpportunityWrapper(Opportunity op) {
// Guard against wrapping a null
if(op == null) {
Exception ex = new NullPointerException();
ex.setMessage('Opportunity argument cannot be null');
throw ex;
}
oppy = op;
}
// Compare opportunities based on the opportunity amount.
public Integer compareTo(Object compareTo) {
// Cast argument to OpportunityWrapper
OpportunityWrapper compareToOppy = (OpportunityWrapper)compareTo;
// The return value of 0 indicates that both elements are equal.
Integer returnValue = 0;
if ((oppy.Amount == null) && (compareToOppy.oppy.Amount == null)) {
// both wrappers have null Amounts
returnValue = 0;
} else if ((oppy.Amount == null) && (compareToOppy.oppy.Amount != null)){
// nulls-first implementation
returnValue = -1;
} else if ((oppy.Amount != null) && (compareToOppy.oppy.Amount == null)){
// nulls-first implementation
returnValue = 1;
} else if (oppy.Amount > compareToOppy.oppy.Amount) {
// Set return value to a positive value.
returnValue = 1;
} else if (oppy.Amount < compareToOppy.oppy.Amount) {
// Set return value to a negative value.
returnValue = -1;
}
return returnValue;
}
}
此测试对对象列表进行排序，并验证列表元素是否按商机排序 量。OpportunityWrapper
@isTest
private class OpportunityWrapperTest {
static testmethod void test1() {
// Add the opportunity wrapper objects to a list.
OpportunityWrapper[] oppyList = new List<OpportunityWrapper>();
Date closeDate = Date.today().addDays(10);
oppyList.add( new OpportunityWrapper(new Opportunity(
Name='Edge Installation',
CloseDate=closeDate,
StageName='Prospecting',
Amount=50000)));
oppyList.add( new OpportunityWrapper(new Opportunity(
Name='United Oil Installations',
CloseDate=closeDate,
StageName='Needs Analysis',
Amount=100000)));
oppyList.add( new OpportunityWrapper(new Opportunity(
Name='Grand Hotels SLA',
CloseDate=closeDate,
StageName='Prospecting',
Amount=25000)));
// Sort the wrapper objects using the implementation of the
// compareTo method.
oppyList.sort();
// Verify the sort order
Assert.areEqual('Grand Hotels SLA', oppyList[0].oppy.Name);
Assert.areEqual(25000, oppyList[0].oppy.Amount);
Assert.areEqual('Edge Installation', oppyList[1].oppy.Name);
Assert.areEqual(50000, oppyList[1].oppy.Amount);
Assert.areEqual('United Oil Installations', oppyList[2].oppy.Name);
Assert.areEqual(100000, oppyList[2].oppy.Amount);
// Write the sorted list contents to the debug log.
System.debug(oppyList);
}
}
// Create two accounts, a1 and a2
Account a1 = new account(name='MyAccount');
Account a2 = new account(name='MyAccount');
// Add both accounts to the new set
Set<Account> accountSet = new Set<Account>{a1, a2};
// Verify that the set only contains one item
System.assertEquals(accountSet.size(), 1);
如果您向其中一个帐户添加描述，则会将其视为 唯一，并且两个帐户都会添加到集合中。
// Create two accounts, a1 and a2, and add a description to a2
Account a1 = new account(name='MyAccount');
Account a2 = new account(name='MyAccount', description='My test account');
// Add both accounts to the new set
Set<Account> accountSet = new Set<Account>{a1, a2};
// Verify that the set contains two items
System.assertEquals(accountSet.size(), 2);
警告
如果 set 元素是对象，并且这些对象 添加到集合后更改，则找不到它们 例如，在使用 OR 方法时，由于字段值已更改。containscontainsAll
Account[] accs = new Account[5]; // Account[] is synonymous with List<Account>
Map<Integer, List<Account>> m4 = new Map<Integer, List<Account>>{1 => accs};
使用 SOQL 查询时，可以从 SOQL 返回的结果填充映射 查询。映射键必须使用 ID 或 String 数据类型声明，并且映射 value 必须声明为 sObject 数据类型。此示例演示如何从查询填充新映射。在 例如，SOQL 查询返回带有其 和 字段的帐户列表。操作员使用返回的帐户列表来创建地图。
IdNamenew
// Populate map from SOQL query
Map<ID, Account> m = new Map<ID, Account>([SELECT Id, Name FROM Account LIMIT 10]);
// After populating the map, iterate through the map entries
for (ID idKey : m.keyset()) {
Account a = m.get(idKey);
System.debug(a);
}
Account myAcct = new Account(); //Define a new account
Map<Integer, Account> m = new Map<Integer, Account>(); // Define a new map
m.put(1, myAcct); // Insert a new key-value pair in the map
System.assert(!m.containsKey(3)); // Assert that the map contains a key
Account a = m.get(1); // Retrieve a value, given a particular key
Set<Integer> s = m.keySet(); // Return a set that contains all of the keys in the map
// Create an account and add it to the map
Account a1 = new Account(Name='A1');
Map<sObject, Integer> m = new Map<sObject, Integer>{
a1 => 1};
// Get a1's value from the map.
// Returns the value of 1.
System.assertEquals(1, m.get(a1));
// Id field is null.
System.assertEquals(null, a1.Id);
// Insert a1.
// This causes the ID field on a1 to be auto-filled
insert a1;
// Id field is now populated.
System.assertNotEquals(null, a1.Id);
// Get a1's value from the map again.
// Returns null because Map.get(sObject) doesn't find
// the entry based on the sObject with an auto-filled ID.
// This is because when a1 was originally added to the map
// before the insert operation, the ID of a1 was null.
System.assertEquals(null, m.get(a1));
insert new Account(Name = 'Singha');
Account acc = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Singha' LIMIT 1];
// Note that name is not selected
String name = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Singha' LIMIT 1].Name;
insert new Account(Name = 'Singha');
Account acc = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Singha' LIMIT 1];
// Note that name is now selected
String name = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Singha' LIMIT 1].Name;
Double rev = [SELECT AnnualRevenue FROM Account
WHERE Name = 'Acme'][0].AnnualRevenue;
// When only one result is returned in a SOQL query, it is not necessary
// to include the list's index.
Double rev2 = [SELECT AnnualRevenue FROM Account
WHERE Name = 'Acme' LIMIT 1].AnnualRevenue;
Account a = new Account(Name = 'Acme');
insert a; // Inserting the record automatically assigns a
// value to its ID field
Contact c = new Contact(LastName = 'Weissman');
c.AccountId = a.Id;
// The new contact now points at the new account
insert c;
// A SOQL query accesses data for the inserted contact,
// including a populated c.account field
c = [SELECT Account.Name FROM Contact WHERE Id = :c.Id];
// Now fields in both records can be changed through the contact
c.Account.Name = 'salesforce.com';
c.LastName = 'Roth';
// To update the database, the two types of records must be
// updated separately
update c; // This only changes the contact's last name
update c.Account; // This updates the account name
System.debug([SELECT Account.Name FROM Contact
WHERE FirstName = 'Caroline'].Account.Name);
此外，sObject 中的父子关系充当 SOQL 查询也是如此。例如：
for (Account a : [SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT LastName FROM Contacts)
FROM Account
WHERE Name = 'Acme']) {
Contact[] cons = a.Contacts;
}
//The following example also works because we limit to only 1 contact
for (Account a : [SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT LastName FROM Contacts LIMIT 1)
FROM Account
WHERE Name = 'testAgg']) {
Contact c = a.Contacts;
}
// Use this format if you are not executing DML statements
// within the for loop
for (Account a : [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account
WHERE Name LIKE 'Acme%']) {
// Your code without DML statements here
}
// Use this format for efficiency if you are executing DML statements
// within the for loop
for (List<Account> accts : [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account
WHERE Name LIKE 'Acme%']) {
for (Account a : accts) {
// Your code here
}
update accts;
}
注意
在循环中使用 SOQL 查询 降低了达到堆大小限制的可能性。但是，这种方法可以 导致 DML 调用增加，导致使用的 CPU 周期更多。有关详细信息，请参阅 SOQL For 循环与标准 SOQL 查询。for
List<Account> accts = [SELECT Id FROM Account];
// These lines of code are only valid if one row is returned from
// the query. Notice that the second line dereferences the field from the
// query without assigning it to an intermediary sObject variable.
Account acct = [SELECT Id FROM Account];
String name = [SELECT Name FROM Account].Name;
Public class TagWS {
/* getThreadTags
*
* a quick method to pull tags not in the existing list
*
*/
public static webservice List<String>
getThreadTags(String threadId, List<String> tags) {
system.debug(LoggingLevel.Debug,tags);
List<String> retVals = new List<String>();
Set<String> tagSet = new Set<String>();
Set<String> origTagSet = new Set<String>();
origTagSet.addAll(tags);
// Note WHERE clause optimizes search where Thread__c is not null
for(CSO_CaseThread_Tag__c t :
[SELECT Name FROM CSO_CaseThread_Tag__c
WHERE Thread__c = :threadId AND
Thread__c != null])
{
tagSet.add(t.Name);
}
for(String x : origTagSet) {
// return a minus version of it so the UI knows to clear it
if(!tagSet.contains(x)) retVals.add('-' + x);
}
for(String x : tagSet) {
// return a plus version so the UI knows it's new
if(!origTagSet.contains(x)) retvals.add('+' + x);
}
return retVals;
}
}
Event myEvent = eventFromQuery;
if (myEvent.What instanceof Account) {
// myEvent.What references an Account, so process accordingly
} else if (myEvent.What instanceof Opportunity) {
// myEvent.What references an Opportunity, so process accordingly
}
public class PolymorphismExampleClass {
// Utility method for a User
public static void processUser(User theUser) {
System.debug('Processed User');
}
// Utility method for a Group
public static void processGroup(Group theGroup) {
System.debug('Processed Group');
}
public static void processOwnersOfMerchandise() {
// Select records based on the Owner polymorphic relationship field
List<Merchandise__c> merchandiseList = [SELECT TYPEOF Owner WHEN User THEN LastName WHEN Group THEN Email END FROM Merchandise__c];
// We now have a list of Merchandise__c records owned by either a User or Group
for (Merchandise__c merch: merchandiseList) {
// We can use instanceof to check the polymorphic relationship type
// Note that we have to assign the polymorphic reference to the appropriate
// sObject type before passing to a method
if (merch.Owner instanceof User) {
User userOwner = merch.Owner;
processUser(userOwner);
} else if (merch.Owner instanceof Group) {
Group groupOwner = merch.Owner;
processGroup(groupOwner);
}
}
}
}
子句中 or 运算符的值，允许对一组动态值进行筛选。请注意， 这对于 ID 或字符串列表特别有用，尽管它适用于 任何类型。INNOT INWHERE
子句中的分部名称。WITH DIVISION
子句中的数值。LIMIT
子句中的数值。OFFSET
例如：
Account A = new Account(Name='xxx');
insert A;
Account B;
// A simple bind
B = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Id = :A.Id];
// A bind with arithmetic
B = [SELECT Id FROM Account
WHERE Name = :('x' + 'xx')];
String s = 'XXX';
// A bind with expressions
B = [SELECT Id FROM Account
WHERE Name = :'XXXX'.substring(0,3)];
// A bind with INCLUDES clause
B = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE :A.TYPE INCLUDES (‘Customer – Direct; Customer – Channel’)];
// A bind with an expression that is itself a query result
B = [SELECT Id FROM Account
WHERE Name = :[SELECT Name FROM Account
WHERE Id = :A.Id].Name];
Contact C = new Contact(LastName='xxx', AccountId=A.Id);
insert new Contact[]{C, new Contact(LastName='yyy',
accountId=A.id)};
// Binds in both the parent and aggregate queries
B = [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Contacts
WHERE Id = :C.Id)
FROM Account
WHERE Id = :A.Id];
// One contact returned
Contact D = B.Contacts;
// A limit bind
Integer i = 1;
B = [SELECT Id FROM Account LIMIT :i];
// An OFFSET bind
Integer offsetVal = 10;
List<Account> offsetList = [SELECT Id FROM Account OFFSET :offsetVal];
// An IN-bind with an Id list. Note that a list of sObjects
// can also be used--the Ids of the objects are used for
// the bind
Contact[] cc = [SELECT Id FROM Contact LIMIT 2];
Task[] tt = [SELECT Id FROM Task WHERE WhoId IN :cc];
// An IN-bind with a String list
String[] ss = new String[]{'a', 'b'};
Account[] aa = [SELECT Id FROM Account
WHERE AccountNumber IN :ss];
// A SOSL query with binds in all possible clauses
String myString1 = 'aaa';
String myString2 = 'bbb';
Integer myInt3 = 11;
String myString4 = 'ccc';
Integer myInt5 = 22;
List<List<SObject>> searchList = [FIND :myString1 IN ALL FIELDS
RETURNING
Account (Id, Name WHERE Name LIKE :myString2
LIMIT :myInt3),
Contact,
Opportunity,
Lead
WITH DIVISION =:myString4
LIMIT :myInt5];
注意单位不支持 Apex 绑定变量 参数。此查询 不起作用。
DISTANCE
String units = 'mi';
List<Account> accountList =
[SELECT ID, Name, BillingLatitude, BillingLongitude
FROM Account
WHERE DISTANCE(My_Location_Field__c, GEOLOCATION(10,10), :units) < 10];
使用 SOQL 语句查询所有记录
SOQL 语句可以使用关键字查询组织中的所有记录，包括 已删除的记录和存档的活动。例如：
ALL ROWS
System.assertEquals(2, [SELECT COUNT() FROM Contact WHERE AccountId = a.Id ALL ROWS]);
String s = 'Acme';
for (Account a : [SELECT Id, Name from Account
where Name LIKE :(s+'%')]) {
// Your code
}
下面的示例将 SOQL 查询创建列表与 DML 方法相结合。
update
// Create a list of account records from a SOQL query
List<Account> accs = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Siebel'];
// Loop through the list and update the Name field
for(Account a : accs){
a.Name = 'Oracle';
}
// Update the database
update accs;
For example, the following code illustrates the difference between the two types of SOQL query loops:
for
// Create a savepoint because the data should not be committed to the database
Savepoint sp = Database.setSavepoint();
insert new Account[]{new Account(Name = 'yyy'),
new Account(Name = 'yyy'),
new Account(Name = 'yyy')};
// The single sObject format executes the for loop once per returned record
Integer i = 0;
for (Account tmp : [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = 'yyy']) {
i++;
}
System.assert(i == 3); // Since there were three accounts named 'yyy' in the
// database, the loop executed three times
// The sObject list format executes the for loop once per returned batch
// of records
i = 0;
Integer j;
for (Account[] tmp : [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = 'yyy']) {
j = tmp.size();
i++;
}
System.assert(j == 3); // The lt should have contained the three accounts
// named 'yyy'
System.assert(i == 1); // Since a single batch can hold up to 200 records and,
// only three records should have been returned, the
// loop should have executed only once
// Revert the database to the original state
Database.rollback(sp);
你可能会得到一个 带有消息 的 SOQL 循环。有时会引发此异常 当访问检索到的大量子记录（200 个或更多）时 sObject，或者在获取此类记录集的大小时。为 例如，以下 SOQL 循环中的查询检索特定帐户的子联系人。如果 此帐户包含 200 多个子联系人，循环中的语句会导致异常。QueryExceptionforAggregate query has too many rows for direct assignment, use FOR loopforforfor (Account acct : [SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT Id, Name FROM Contacts) FROM Account WHERE Id IN ('<ID value>')]) { List<Contact> contactList = acct.Contacts; // Causes an error Integer count = acct.Contacts.size(); // Causes an error }
若要避免出现此异常，请使用循环遍历子项 记录，作为 遵循。
for
for (Account acct : [SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT Id, Name FROM Contacts)
FROM Account WHERE Id IN ('<ID value>')]) {
Integer count=0;
for (Contact c : acct.Contacts) {
count++;
}
}
Database.DMLOptions dmo = new Database.DMLOptions();
dmo.assignmentRuleHeader.useDefaultRule= true;
Lead l = new Lead(company='ABC', lastname='Smith');
l.setOptions(dmo);
insert l;
以下示例使用该选项：
assignmentRuleID
Database.DMLOptions dmo = new Database.DMLOptions();
dmo.assignmentRuleHeader.assignmentRuleId= '01QD0000000EqAn';
Lead l = new Lead(company='ABC', lastname='Smith');
l.setOptions(dmo);
insert l;
注意
如果组织中没有分配规则，则在 API 中 版本 29.0 及更早版本，创建案例或潜在顾客时，设置为 分配给预定义的默认所有者的案例或潜在顾客。在 API 版本 30.0 和 稍后，案例或潜在顾客未分配，并且不会分配给默认值 所有者。useDefaultRuletrue
Database.DMLOptions dml = new Database.DMLOptions();
dml.DuplicateRuleHeader.AllowSave = true;
Account duplicateAccount = new Account(Name='dupe');
Database.SaveResult sr = Database.insert(duplicateAccount, dml);
if (sr.isSuccess()) {
System.debug('Duplicate account has been inserted in Salesforce!');
}
Account a = new Account(name='Acme Plumbing');
insert a;
Contact c = new Contact(email='jplumber@salesforce.com', firstname='Joe',lastname='Plumber', accountid=a.id);
insert c;
Database.DMLOptions dlo = new Database.DMLOptions();
dlo.EmailHeader.triggerAutoResponseEmail = true;
Case ca = new Case(subject='Plumbing Problems', contactid=c.id);
database.insert(ca, dlo);
Account a = new Account(Name = 'xxx'); insert a;
System.assertEquals(null, [SELECT AccountNumber FROM Account WHERE Id = :a.Id].
AccountNumber);
// Create a savepoint while AccountNumber is null
Savepoint sp = Database.setSavepoint();
// Change the account number
a.AccountNumber = '123';
update a;
System.assertEquals('123', [SELECT AccountNumber FROM Account WHERE Id = :a.Id].
AccountNumber);
// Rollback to the previous null value
Database.rollback(sp);
System.assertEquals(null, [SELECT AccountNumber FROM Account WHERE Id = :a.Id].
AccountNumber);
此示例演示如何使用 future 方法执行混合 DML 操作 对 User 对象执行 DML 操作。
public class MixedDMLFuture {
public static void useFutureMethod() {
// First DML operation
Account a = new Account(Name='Acme');
insert a;
// This next operation (insert a user with a role)
// can't be mixed with the previous insert unless
// it is within a future method.
// Call future method to insert a user with a role.
Util.insertUserWithRole(
'mruiz@awcomputing.com', 'mruiz',
'mruiz@awcomputing.com', 'Ruiz');
}
}
public class Util {
@future
public static void insertUserWithRole(
String uname, String al, String em, String lname) {
Profile p = [SELECT Id FROM Profile WHERE Name='Standard User'];
UserRole r = [SELECT Id FROM UserRole WHERE Name='COO'];
// Create new user with a non-null user role ID
User u = new User(alias = al, email=em,
emailencodingkey='UTF-8', lastname=lname,
languagelocalekey='en_US',
localesidkey='en_US', profileid = p.Id, userroleid = r.Id,
timezonesidkey='America/Los_Angeles',
username=uname);
insert u;
}
}
@isTest
private class MixedDML {
static testMethod void mixedDMLExample() {
User u;
Account a;
User thisUser = [SELECT Id FROM User WHERE Id = :UserInfo.getUserId()];
// Insert account as current user
System.runAs (thisUser) {
Profile p = [SELECT Id FROM Profile WHERE Name='Standard User'];
UserRole r = [SELECT Id FROM UserRole WHERE Name='COO'];
u = new User(alias = 'jsmith', email='jsmith@acme.com',
emailencodingkey='UTF-8', lastname='Smith',
languagelocalekey='en_US',
localesidkey='en_US', profileid = p.Id, userroleid = r.Id,
timezonesidkey='America/Los_Angeles',
username='jsmith@acme.com');
insert u;
a = new Account(name='Acme');
insert a;
}
}
}
public class KnowledgeAccess {
public void doNothing() {
}
public void DMLOperation() {
FAQ__kav[] articles = [SELECT Id FROM FAQ__kav WHERE PublishStatus = 'Draft' and Language = 'en_US'];
update articles;
}
}
public void DMLOperation() {
FAQ__kav[] articles = [SELECT id FROM FAQ__kav WHERE PublishStatus = 'Draft' and Language = 'en_US'];
update (sObject[]) articles;
}
// Cast the generic variable s from the example above
// into a specific account and account variable a
Account a = (Account)s;
// The following generates a runtime error
Contact c = (Contact)s;
由于 sObject 的工作方式与对象类似，因此您还可以将 以后：
Object obj = s;
// and
a = (Account)obj;
DML 操作适用于声明为泛型 sObject 数据类型的变量以及 与常规 sObjects。
sObject 变量初始化为 ，但 可以使用运算符分配有效的对象引用。例如：nullnew
Account a = new Account();
开发人员还可以在实例化新的 s对象。例如：name = value
Account a = new Account(name = 'Acme', billingcity = 'San Francisco');
如果使用泛型 SObject 类型而不是特定对象（如 Account），则可以 仅使用点表示法检索 Id 字段。您可以为使用 Salesforce API 版本 27.0 保存的 Apex 代码设置“Id”字段，并且 稍后）。或者，您可以使用泛型 SObject 和方法。请参见SObject 类。putget
此示例演示如何访问 Id 字段和操作 不允许在通用 SObject 上使用。
Account a = new Account(Name = 'Acme', BillingCity = 'San Francisco');
insert a;
sObject s = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Acme' LIMIT 1];
// This is allowed
ID id = s.Id;
// The following line results in an error when you try to save
String x = s.Name;
// This line results in an error when you try to save using API version 26.0 or earlier
s.Id = [SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Acme' LIMIT 1].Id;
Account a = new Account(Name = 'Acme', BillingCity = 'San Francisco');
insert a;
sObject s = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Acme' LIMIT 1];
ID id = s.ID;
Account convertedAccount = (Account)s;
convertedAccount.name = 'Acme2';
update convertedAccount;
Contact sal = new Contact(FirstName = 'Sal', Account = convertedAccount);
Contact nullFirst = new Contact(LastName='Codey', FirstName=null);
System.assertEquals(true, nullFirst.isSet('FirstName'), 'FirstName is set to a literal value, so it counts as set');
Contact unsetFirst = new Contact(LastName='Astro');
System.assertEquals(false, unsetFirst.isSet('FirstName'), ‘FirstName is not set’);
List<Contact> conList = [Select Department , Description from Contact];
for(Contact badCon : conList) {
if (badCon.Department == 'Finance') {
badCon.Description__c = 'New description';
}
// Not a good practice since governor limits might be hit.
update badCon;
}
// List to hold the new contacts to update.
List<Contact> updatedList = new List<Contact>();
List<Contact> conList = [Select Department , Description from Contact];
for(Contact con : conList) {
if (con.Department == 'Finance') {
con.Description = 'New description';
// Add updated contact sObject to the list.
updatedList.add(con);
}
}
// Call update on the list of contacts.
// This results in one DML call for the entire list.
update updatedList;
// Query existing account.
Account a = [SELECT Name,Industry
FROM Account
WHERE Name='Account Example' LIMIT 1];
// Write the old values the debug log before updating them.
System.debug('Account Name before update: ' + a.Name); // Name is Account Example
System.debug('Account Industry before update: ' + a.Industry);// Industry is not set
// Modify the two fields on the sObject.
a.Name = 'Account of the Day';
a.Industry = 'Technology';
// Persist the changes.
update a;
// Get a new copy of the account from the database with the two fields.
Account a = [SELECT Name,Industry
FROM Account
WHERE Name='Account of the Day' LIMIT 1];
// Verify that updated field values were persisted.
System.assertEquals('Account of the Day', a.Name);
System.assertEquals('Technology', a.Industry);
// Create the list of sObjects to insert
List<Account> acctList = new List<Account>();
acctList.add(new Account(Name='Acme1'));
acctList.add(new Account(Name='Acme2'));
// DML statement
insert acctList;
这是上一个示例的等效示例，但它使用了 Database 的方法 类而不是 DML 谓词。
// Create the list of sObjects to insert
List<Account> acctList = new List<Account>();
acctList.add(new Account(Name='Acme1'));
acctList.add(new Account(Name='Acme2'));
// DML statement
Database.SaveResult[] srList = Database.insert(acctList, false);
// Iterate through each returned result
for (Database.SaveResult sr : srList) {
if (sr.isSuccess()) {
// Operation was successful, so get the ID of the record that was processed
System.debug('Successfully inserted account. Account ID: ' + sr.getId());
}
else {
// Operation failed, so get all errors
for(Database.Error err : sr.getErrors()) {
System.debug('The following error has occurred.');
System.debug(err.getStatusCode() + ': ' + err.getMessage());
System.debug('Account fields that affected this error: ' + err.getFields());
}
}
}
这两个选项之间的一个区别是，通过使用 Database 类方法，您可以 可以指定在出现错误时是否允许部分记录处理 遇到。您可以通过传递额外的第二个布尔参数来实现此目的。如果你 指定此参数，如果 a 记录 失败，其余的 DML 操作仍然可以成功。此外，除了例外，一个 result 对象数组（如果只传入一个 sObject，则返回一个 result 对象） 包含每个操作的状态和遇到的任何错误。默认情况下，此 可选参数是 ，这意味着如果 至少一个 sObject 无法处理，所有剩余的 sObject 都不会处理，并且 对于导致失败的记录，将引发异常。falsetrue
Account[] accts = new List<Account>();
for(Integer i=0;i<3;i++) {
Account a = new Account(Name='Acme' + i,
BillingCity='San Francisco');
accts.add(a);
}
Account accountToUpdate;
try {
insert accts;
// Update account Acme2.
accountToUpdate =
[SELECT BillingCity FROM Account
WHERE Name='Acme2' AND BillingCity='San Francisco'
LIMIT 1];
// Update the billing city.
accountToUpdate.BillingCity = 'New York';
// Make the update call.
update accountToUpdate;
} catch(DmlException e) {
System.debug('An unexpected error has occurred: ' + e.getMessage());
}
// Verify that the billing city was updated to New York.
Account afterUpdate =
[SELECT BillingCity FROM Account WHERE Id=:accountToUpdate.Id];
System.assertEquals('New York', afterUpdate.BillingCity);
插入相关记录
如果关系已经存在，则可以插入与现有记录相关的记录 在两个对象之间定义，例如查找或主从关系。一个 记录通过外键 ID 与相关记录相关联。例如 插入新联系人时，可以指定联系人的相关客户记录 通过设置字段的值。AccountId
try {
Account acct = new Account(Name='SFDC Account');
insert acct;
// Once the account is inserted, the sObject will be
// populated with an ID.
// Get this ID.
ID acctID = acct.ID;
// Add a contact to this account.
Contact con = new Contact(
FirstName='Joe',
LastName='Smith',
Phone='415.555.1212',
AccountId=acctID);
insert con;
} catch(DmlException e) {
System.debug('An unexpected error has occurred: ' + e.getMessage());
}
try {
// Query for the contact, which has been associated with an account.
Contact queriedContact = [SELECT Account.Name
FROM Contact
WHERE FirstName = 'Joe' AND LastName='Smith'
LIMIT 1];
// Update the contact's phone number
queriedContact.Phone = '415.555.1213';
// Update the related account industry
queriedContact.Account.Industry = 'Technology';
// Make two separate calls
// 1. This call is to update the contact's phone.
update queriedContact;
// 2. This call is to update the related account's Industry field.
update queriedContact.Account;
} catch(Exception e) {
System.debug('An unexpected error has occurred: ' + e.getMessage());
}
使用外部 ID 关联记录 使用父记录上的自定义外部 ID 字段添加相关记录。通过外部 ID 字段关联记录是使用记录 ID 的替代方法。仅当已为所涉及的对象定义了关系（如主从-细节或查找）时，才能将相关记录添加到另一条记录中。
使用外键在单个语句中创建父记录和子记录
使用外部 ID 关联记录
使用父记录上的自定义外部 ID 字段添加相关记录。 通过外部 ID 字段关联记录是使用记录 ID 的替代方法。你 只有当关系（如主从-细节或 lookup） 已为所涉及的对象定义。
重要
在可能的情况下，我们更改了非包容性条款，以符合我们的 平等的公司价值观。我们保留了某些条款，以避免对 客户实施。此示例将新商机与现有客户关联。帐户 sObject 具有 标记为外部 ID 的自定义字段。商机记录与客户记录相关联 通过自定义外部 ID 字段。该示例假定：
Opportunity newOpportunity = new Opportunity(
Name='OpportunityWithAccountInsert',
StageName='Prospecting',
CloseDate=Date.today().addDays(7));
// Create the parent record reference.
// An account with external ID = 'SAP111111' already exists.
// This sObject is used only for foreign key reference
// and doesn't contain any other fields.
Account accountReference = new Account(
MyExtID__c='SAP111111');
// Add the account sObject to the opportunity.
newOpportunity.Account = accountReference;
// Create the opportunity.
Database.SaveResult results = Database.insert(newOpportunity);
前面的示例执行插入操作，但您也可以通过 执行更新或更新插入时的外部 ID 字段。如果父记录不存在，则 可以使用单独的 DML 语句或使用相同的 DML 语句创建它，如使用外键在单个语句中创建父记录和子记录中所示。
在单个语句中使用 外键
您可以使用外部 ID 字段作为外键来创建父记录和子记录 在单个步骤中执行不同的 sObject 类型，而不是创建父记录 首先，查询其 ID，然后创建子记录。为此，请执行以下操作：
创建子 sObject 并填充其必填字段，并根据需要 其他领域。
创建仅用于设置父外部的父引用 sObject 子 sObject 上的键引用。此 sObject 只有外部 ID 已定义字段，未设置其他字段。
将子 sObject 的外键字段设置为父引用 s您刚刚创建的对象。
创建另一个要传递给语句的父 sObject。此 sObject 必须具有 除了 外部 ID 字段。insert
public class ParentChildSample {
public static void InsertParentChild() {
Date dt = Date.today();
dt = dt.addDays(7);
Opportunity newOpportunity = new Opportunity(
Name='OpportunityWithAccountInsert',
StageName='Prospecting',
CloseDate=dt);
// Create the parent reference.
// Used only for foreign key reference
// and doesn't contain any other fields.
Account accountReference = new Account(
MyExtID__c='SAP111111');
newOpportunity.Account = accountReference;
// Create the Account object to insert.
// Same as above but has Name field.
// Used for the insert.
Account parentAccount = new Account(
Name='Hallie',
MyExtID__c='SAP111111');
// Create the account and the opportunity.
Database.SaveResult[] results = Database.insert(new SObject[] {
parentAccount, newOpportunity });
// Check results.
for (Integer i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
if (results[i].isSuccess()) {
System.debug('Successfully created ID: '
+ results[i].getId());
} else {
System.debug('Error: could not create sobject '
+ 'for array element ' + i + '.');
System.debug(' The error reported was: '
+ results[i].getErrors()[0].getMessage() + '\n');
}
}
}
}
Upserting 提单记录
使用该操作，您可以 在一次通话中插入或更新现有记录。确定记录是否已 存在、语句或 Database 方法 使用记录的 ID 作为键来匹配记录、自定义外部 ID 字段或 idLookup 属性设置为 true 的标准字段。
/* This class demonstrates and tests the use of the
* partial processing DML operations */
public class DmlSamples {
/* This method accepts a collection of lead records and
creates a task for the owner(s) of any leads that were
created as new, that is, not updated as a result of the upsert
operation */
public static List<Database.upsertResult> upsertLeads(List<Lead> leads) {
/* Perform the upsert. In this case the unique identifier for the
insert or update decision is the Salesforce record ID. If the
record ID is null the row will be inserted, otherwise an update
will be attempted. */
List<Database.upsertResult> uResults = Database.upsert(leads,false);
/* This is the list for new tasks that will be inserted when new
leads are created. */
List<Task> tasks = new List<Task>();
for(Database.upsertResult result:uResults) {
if (result.isSuccess() && result.isCreated())
tasks.add(new Task(Subject = 'Follow-up', WhoId = result.getId()));
}
/* If there are tasks to be inserted, insert them */
Database.insert(tasks);
return uResults;
}
}
@isTest
private class DmlSamplesTest {
public static testMethod void testUpsertLeads() {
/* We only need to test the insert side of upsert */
List<Lead> leads = new List<Lead>();
/* Create a set of leads for testing */
for(Integer i = 0;i < 100; i++) {
leads.add(new Lead(LastName = 'testLead', Company = 'testCompany'));
}
/* Switch to the runtime limit context */
Test.startTest();
/* Exercise the method */
List<Database.upsertResult> results = DmlSamples.upsertLeads(leads);
/* Switch back to the test context for limits */
Test.stopTest();
/* ID set for asserting the tasks were created as expected */
Set<Id> ids = new Set<Id>();
/* Iterate over the results, asserting success and adding the new ID
to the set for use in the comprehensive assertion phase below. */
for(Database.upsertResult result:results) {
System.assert(result.isSuccess());
ids.add(result.getId());
}
/* Assert that exactly one task exists for each lead that was inserted. */
for(Lead l:[SELECT Id, (SELECT Subject FROM Tasks) FROM Lead WHERE Id IN :ids]) {
System.assertEquals(1,l.tasks.size());
}
}
}
使用外部 ID 可以减少 代码中 DML 语句的数量，并帮助您避免达到调控器限制 （见执行 调速器和限制）。下一个示例使用 Asset 对象上的外部 ID 字段来维护一对一关系 在资产和商机明细项之间。upsertupsertLine_Item_Id__c
public void upsertExample() {
Opportunity opp = [SELECT Id, Name, AccountId,
(SELECT Id, PricebookEntry.Product2Id, PricebookEntry.Name
FROM OpportunityLineItems)
FROM Opportunity
WHERE HasOpportunityLineItem = true
LIMIT 1];
Asset[] assets = new Asset[]{};
// Create an asset for each line item on the opportunity
for (OpportunityLineItem lineItem:opp.OpportunityLineItems) {
//This code populates the line item Id, AccountId, and Product2Id for each asset
Asset asset = new Asset(Name = lineItem.PricebookEntry.Name,
Line_Item_ID__c = lineItem.Id,
AccountId = opp.AccountId,
Product2Id = lineItem.PricebookEntry.Product2Id);
assets.add(asset);
}
try {
upsert assets Line_Item_ID__c; // This line upserts the assets list with
// the Line_Item_Id__c field specified as the
// Asset field that should be used for matching
// the record that should be upserted.
} catch (DmlException e) {
System.debug(e.getMessage());
}
}
// Insert new accounts
List<Account> ls = new List<Account>{
new Account(name='Acme Inc.'),
new Account(name='Acme')
};
insert ls;
// Queries to get the inserted accounts
Account masterAcct = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Acme Inc.' LIMIT 1];
Account mergeAcct = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Acme' LIMIT 1];
// Add a contact to the account to be merged
Contact c = new Contact(FirstName='Joe',LastName='Merged');
c.AccountId = mergeAcct.Id;
insert c;
try {
merge masterAcct mergeAcct;
} catch (DmlException e) {
// Process exception
System.debug('An unexpected error has occurred: ' + e.getMessage());
}
// Once the account is merged with the master account,
// the related contact should be moved to the master record.
masterAcct = [SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT FirstName,LastName From Contacts)
FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Acme Inc.' LIMIT 1];
System.assert(masterAcct.getSObjects('Contacts').size() > 0);
System.assertEquals('Joe', masterAcct.getSObjects('Contacts')[0].get('FirstName'));
System.assertEquals('Merged', masterAcct.getSObjects('Contacts')[0].get('LastName'));
// Verify that the merge record got deleted
Account[] result = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Id=:mergeAcct.Id];
System.assertEquals(0, result.size());
// Create master account
Account master = new Account(Name='Account1');
insert master;
// Create duplicate accounts
Account[] duplicates = new Account[]{
// Duplicate account
new Account(Name='Account1, Inc.'),
// Second duplicate account
new Account(Name='Account 1')
};
insert duplicates;
// Create child contact and associate it with first account
Contact c = new Contact(firstname='Joe',lastname='Smith', accountId=duplicates[0].Id);
insert c;
// Get the account contact relation ID, which is created when a contact is created on "Account1, Inc."
AccountContactRelation resultAcrel = [SELECT Id FROM AccountContactRelation WHERE ContactId=:c.Id LIMIT 1];
// Merge accounts into master
Database.MergeResult[] results = Database.merge(master, duplicates, false);
for(Database.MergeResult res : results) {
if (res.isSuccess()) {
// Get the master ID from the result and validate it
System.debug('Master record ID: ' + res.getId());
System.assertEquals(master.Id, res.getId());
// Get the IDs of the merged records and display them
List<Id> mergedIds = res.getMergedRecordIds();
System.debug('IDs of merged records: ' + mergedIds);
// Get the ID of the reparented record and
// validate that this the contact ID.
System.debug('Reparented record ID: ' + res.getUpdatedRelatedIds());
// Make sure there are two IDs (contact ID and account contact relation ID); the order isn't defined
System.assertEquals(2, res.getUpdatedRelatedIds().size() );
boolean flag1 = false;
boolean flag2 = false;
// Because the order of the IDs isn't defined, the ID can be at index 0 or 1 of the array
if (resultAcrel.id == res.getUpdatedRelatedIds()[0] || resultAcrel.id == res.getUpdatedRelatedIds()[1] )
flag1 = true;
if (c.id == res.getUpdatedRelatedIds()[0] || c.id == res.getUpdatedRelatedIds()[1] )
flag2 = true;
System.assertEquals(flag1, true);
System.assertEquals(flag2, true);
}
else {
for(Database.Error err : res.getErrors()) {
// Write each error to the debug output
System.debug(err.getMessage());
}
}
}
Account[] doomedAccts = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account
WHERE Name = 'DotCom'];
try {
delete doomedAccts;
} catch (DmlException e) {
// Process exception here
}
Account a = new Account(Name='Universal Containers');
insert(a);
insert(new Contact(LastName='Carter',AccountId=a.Id));
delete a;
Account[] savedAccts = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name = 'Universal Containers' ALL ROWS];
try {
undelete savedAccts;
} catch (DmlException e) {
// Process exception here
}
（可选）应用程序确定要进入的任何帐户的 ID 合并潜在客户。应用程序可以使用 SOQL 搜索与 潜在顾客名称，如以下示例所示：SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name='CompanyNameOfLeadBeingMerged'
（可选）应用程序将一个或多个联系人的 ID 确定为 合并潜在客户。应用程序可以使用 SOQL 搜索 匹配主要联系人姓名，如下所示 例：SELECT Id, Name FROM Contact WHERE FirstName='FirstName' AND LastName='LastName' AND AccountId = '001...'
（可选）应用程序确定是否应从 线索。
应用程序使用查询 （） 来获取已转换的潜在客户 地位。SELECT … FROM LeadStatus WHERE IsConverted=true
// Create two accounts, one of which is missing a required field
Account[] accts = new List<Account>{
new Account(Name='Account1'),
new Account()};
Database.SaveResult[] srList = Database.insert(accts, false);
// Iterate through each returned result
for (Database.SaveResult sr : srList) {
if (!sr.isSuccess()) {
// Operation failed, so get all errors
for(Database.Error err : sr.getErrors()) {
System.debug('The following error has occurred.');
System.debug(err.getStatusCode() + ': ' + err.getMessage());
System.debug('Fields that affected this error: ' + err.getFields());
}
}
}
public class AsyncExecutionExample implements Queueable {
public void execute(QueueableContext context) {
Account a = new Account(Name='Acme',Phone='(415) 555-1212');
insert a;
}
}
若要将此类添加为队列中的作业，请调用 方法：
ID jobID = System.enqueueJob(new AsyncExecutionExample());
提交可排队类以供执行后，作业将添加到队列中 并将在系统资源可用时进行处理。您可以监控 通过查询 AsyncApexJob 或通过用户以编程方式获取作业的状态 通过输入“快速查找”框，然后选择“Apex”，在“设置”中界面 工作。Apex Jobs
This example uses stack depth to terminate a chained job and prevent it from reaching the daily maximum number of asynchronous Apex method executions.
// Fibonacci
public class FibonacciDepthQueueable implements Queueable {
private long nMinus1, nMinus2;
public static void calculateFibonacciTo(integer depth) {
AsyncOptions asyncOptions = new AsyncOptions();
asyncOptions.MaximumQueueableStackDepth = depth;
System.enqueueJob(new FibonacciDepthQueueable(null, null), asyncOptions);
}
private FibonacciDepthQueueable(long nMinus1param, long nMinus2param) {
nMinus1 = nMinus1param;
nMinus2 = nMinus2param;
}
public void execute(QueueableContext context) {
integer depth = AsyncInfo.getCurrentQueueableStackDepth();
// Calculate step
long fibonacciSequenceStep;
switch on (depth) {
when 1, 2 {
fibonacciSequenceStep = 1;
}
when else {
fibonacciSequenceStep = nMinus1 + nMinus2;
}
}
System.debug('depth: ' + depth + ' fibonacciSequenceStep: ' + fibonacciSequenceStep);
if(System.AsyncInfo.hasMaxStackDepth() &&
AsyncInfo.getCurrentQueueableStackDepth() >=
AsyncInfo.getMaximumQueueableStackDepth()) {
// Reached maximum stack depth
Fibonacci__c result = new Fibonacci__c(
Depth__c = depth,
Result = fibonacciSequenceStep
);
insert result;
} else {
System.enqueueJob(new FibonacciDepthQueueable(fibonacciSequenceStep, nMinus1));
}
}
}
测试可排队作业
此示例演示如何在测试方法中测试可排队作业的执行。一个 可排队作业是一个异步进程。确保此过程在 测试方法中，作业被提交到 AND 块之间的队列中。系统执行所有 异步进程在语句之后同步启动测试方法。接下来，测试方法 通过查询作业所在的帐户来验证可排队作业的结果 创建。
Test.startTestTest.stopTestTest.stopTest
@isTest
public class AsyncExecutionExampleTest {
@isTest
static void test1() {
// startTest/stopTest block to force async processes
// to run in the test.
Test.startTest();
System.enqueueJob(new AsyncExecutionExample());
Test.stopTest();
// Validate that the job has run
// by verifying that the record was created.
// This query returns only the account created in test context by the
// Queueable class method.
Account acct = [SELECT Name,Phone FROM Account WHERE Name='Acme' LIMIT 1];
System.assertNotEquals(null, acct);
System.assertEquals('(415) 555-1212', acct.Phone);
}
}
public class AsyncExecutionExample implements Queueable {
public void execute(QueueableContext context) {
// Your processing logic here
// Chain this job to next job by submitting the next job
System.enqueueJob(new SecondJob());
}
}
注意
Apex 允许来自可排队作业的 HTTP 和 Web 服务标注（如果它们实现） 标记 接口。在实现此接口的可排队作业中，标注也是 允许在链接的可排队作业中。Database.AllowsCallouts
AsyncOptions options = new AsyncOptions();
options.DuplicateSignature = QueueableDuplicateSignature.Builder()
.addId(UserInfo.getUserId())
.addString('MyQueueable')
.build();
try {
System.enqueueJob(new MyQueueable(), options);
} catch (DuplicateMessageException ex) {
//Exception is thrown if there is already an enqueued job with the same
//signature
Assert.areEqual('Attempt to enqueue job with duplicate queueable signature',
ex.getMessage());
}
此示例使用 ApexClass Id 和 一个 sObject。
AsyncOptions options = new AsyncOptions();
options.DuplicateSignature = QueueableDuplicateSignature.Builder()
.addInteger(System.hashCode(someAccount))
.addId([SELECT Id FROM ApexClass
WHERE Name='MyQueueable'].Id)
.build();
System.enqueueJob(new MyQueueable(), options);
public class LoggingFinalizer implements Finalizer, Queueable {
// Queueable implementation
// A queueable job that uses LoggingFinalizer to buffer the log
// and commit upon exit, even if the queueable execution fails
public void execute(QueueableContext ctx) {
String jobId = '' + ctx.getJobId();
System.debug('Begin: executing queueable job: ' + jobId);
try {
// Create an instance of LoggingFinalizer and attach it
LoggingFinalizer f = new LoggingFinalizer();
System.attachFinalizer(f);
// While executing the job, log using LoggingFinalizer.addLog()
// Note that addlog() modifies the Finalizer's state after it is attached
DateTime start = DateTime.now();
f.addLog('About to do some work...', jobId);
while (true) {
// Results in limit error
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.debug('Error executing the job [' + jobId + ']: ' + e.getMessage());
} finally {
System.debug('Completed: execution of queueable job: ' + jobId);
}
}
// Finalizer implementation
// Logging finalizer provides a public method addLog(message,source) that allows buffering log lines from the Queueable job.
// When the Queueable job completes, regardless of success or failure, the LoggingFinalizer instance commits this buffered log.
// Custom object LogMessage__c has four custom fields-see addLog() method.
// internal log buffer
private List<LogMessage__c> logRecords = new List<LogMessage__c>();
public void execute(FinalizerContext ctx) {
String parentJobId = '' + ctx.getAsyncApexJobId();
System.debug('Begin: executing finalizer attached to queueable job: ' + parentJobId);
// Update the log records with the parent queueable job id
System.Debug('Updating job id on ' + logRecords.size() + ' log records');
for (LogMessage__c log : logRecords) {
log.Request__c = parentJobId; // or could be ctx.getRequestId()
}
// Commit the buffer
System.Debug('committing log records to database');
Database.insert(logRecords, false);
if (ctx.getResult() == ParentJobResult.SUCCESS) {
System.debug('Parent queueable job [' + parentJobId + '] completed successfully.');
} else {
System.debug('Parent queueable job [' + parentJobId + '] failed due to unhandled exception: ' + ctx.getException().getMessage());
System.debug('Enqueueing another instance of the queueable...');
}
System.debug('Completed: execution of finalizer attached to queueable job: ' + parentJobId);
}
public void addLog(String message, String source) {
// append the log message to the buffer
logRecords.add(new LogMessage__c(
DateTime__c = DateTime.now(),
Message__c = message,
Request__c = 'setbeforecommit',
Source__c = source
));
}
}
global class ScheduledBatchable implements Schedulable {
global void execute(SchedulableContext sc) {
Batchable b = new Batchable();
Database.executeBatch(b);
}
}
global class TestScheduledApexFromTestMethod implements Schedulable {
// This test runs a scheduled job at midnight Sept. 3rd. 2042
public static String CRON_EXP = '0 0 0 3 9 ? 2042';
global void execute(SchedulableContext ctx) {
CronTrigger ct = [SELECT Id, CronExpression, TimesTriggered, NextFireTime
FROM CronTrigger WHERE Id = :ctx.getTriggerId()];
System.assertEquals(CRON_EXP, ct.CronExpression);
System.assertEquals(0, ct.TimesTriggered);
System.assertEquals('2042-09-03 00:00:00', String.valueOf(ct.NextFireTime));
Account a = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name =
'testScheduledApexFromTestMethod'];
a.name = 'testScheduledApexFromTestMethodUpdated';
update a;
}
}
以下测试 类：
@istest
class TestClass {
static testmethod void test() {
Test.startTest();
Account a = new Account();
a.Name = 'testScheduledApexFromTestMethod';
insert a;
// Schedule the test job
String jobId = System.schedule('testBasicScheduledApex',
TestScheduledApexFromTestMethod.CRON_EXP,
new TestScheduledApexFromTestMethod());
// Get the information from the CronTrigger API object
CronTrigger ct = [SELECT Id, CronExpression, TimesTriggered,
NextFireTime
FROM CronTrigger WHERE id = :jobId];
// Verify the expressions are the same
System.assertEquals(TestScheduledApexFromTestMethod.CRON_EXP,
ct.CronExpression);
// Verify the job has not run
System.assertEquals(0, ct.TimesTriggered);
// Verify the next time the job will run
System.assertEquals('2042-09-03 00:00:00',
String.valueOf(ct.NextFireTime));
System.assertNotEquals('testScheduledApexFromTestMethodUpdated',
[SELECT id, name FROM account WHERE id = :a.id].name);
Test.stopTest();
System.assertEquals('testScheduledApexFromTestMethodUpdated',
[SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Id = :a.Id].Name);
}
}
public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){
// Get the ID of the AsyncApexJob representing this batch job
// from Database.BatchableContext.
// Query the AsyncApexJob object to retrieve the current job's information.
AsyncApexJob a = [SELECT Id, Status, NumberOfErrors, JobItemsProcessed,
TotalJobItems, CreatedBy.Email
FROM AsyncApexJob WHERE Id =
:BC.getJobId()];
// Send an email to the Apex job's submitter notifying of job completion.
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
String[] toAddresses = new String[] {a.CreatedBy.Email};
mail.setToAddresses(toAddresses);
mail.setSubject('Apex Sharing Recalculation ' + a.Status);
mail.setPlainTextBody
('The batch Apex job processed ' + a.TotalJobItems +
' batches with '+ a.NumberOfErrors + ' failures.');
Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });
}
public class SearchAndReplace implements Database.Batchable<sObject>{
public final String Query;
public final String Entity;
public final String Field;
public final String Value;
public SearchAndReplace(String q, String e, String f, String v){
Query=q; Entity=e; Field=f;Value=v;
}
public Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC){
return Database.getQueryLocator(query);
}
public void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC, List<sObject> scope){
for(sobject s : scope){
s.put(Field,Value);
}
update scope;
}
public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){
}
}
ID batchprocessid = Database.executeBatch(reassign);
AsyncApexJob aaj = [SELECT Id, Status, JobItemsProcessed, TotalJobItems, NumberOfErrors
FROM AsyncApexJob WHERE ID =: batchprocessid ];
String cronID = System.scheduleBatch(reassign, 'job example', 60);
CronTrigger ct = [SELECT Id, TimesTriggered, NextFireTime
FROM CronTrigger WHERE Id = :cronID];
// TimesTriggered should be 0 because the job hasn't started yet.
System.assertEquals(0, ct.TimesTriggered);
System.debug('Next fire time: ' + ct.NextFireTime);
// For example:
// Next fire time: 2013-06-03 13:31:23
调用此方法后，在批处理作业开始之前，可以使用 返回计划的作业 ID 以使用 System.abortJob 方法中止计划作业。
Batch Apex 示例
以下示例使用 ：
Database.QueryLocator
public class UpdateAccountFields implements Database.Batchable<sObject>{
public final String Query;
public final String Entity;
public final String Field;
public final String Value;
public UpdateAccountFields(String q, String e, String f, String v){
Query=q; Entity=e; Field=f;Value=v;
}
public Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC){
return Database.getQueryLocator(query);
}
public void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC,
List<sObject> scope){
for(Sobject s : scope){s.put(Field,Value);
} update scope;
}
public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){
}
}
您可以使用以下代码调用上一个 类。
// Query for 10 accounts
String q = 'SELECT Industry FROM Account LIMIT 10';
String e = 'Account';
String f = 'Industry';
String v = 'Consulting';
Id batchInstanceId = Database.executeBatch(new UpdateAccountFields(q,e,f,v), 5);
若要排除已删除但仍在回收站中的帐户或发票， 包含在 SOQL 查询中 WHERE 子句，如这些修改后的 样品。
isDeleted=false
// Query for accounts that aren't in the Recycle Bin
String q = 'SELECT Industry FROM Account WHERE isDeleted=false LIMIT 10';
String e = 'Account';
String f = 'Industry';
String v = 'Consulting';
Id batchInstanceId = Database.executeBatch(new UpdateAccountFields(q,e,f,v), 5);
// Query for invoices that aren't in the Recycle Bin
String q =
'SELECT Description__c FROM Invoice_Statement__c WHERE isDeleted=false LIMIT 10';
String e = 'Invoice_Statement__c';
String f = 'Description__c';
String v = 'Updated description';
Id batchInstanceId = Database.executeBatch(new UpdateInvoiceFields(q,e,f,v), 5);
以下类使用批处理 Apex 重新分配特定用户拥有的所有帐户 给其他用户。
public class OwnerReassignment implements Database.Batchable<sObject>{
String query;
String email;
Id toUserId;
Id fromUserId;
public Database.querylocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC){
return Database.getQueryLocator(query);}
public void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC, List<sObject> scope){
List<Account> accns = new List<Account>();
for(sObject s : scope){Account a = (Account)s;
if(a.OwnerId==fromUserId){
a.OwnerId=toUserId;
accns.add(a);
}
}
update accns;
}
public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
mail.setToAddresses(new String[] {email});
mail.setReplyTo('batch@acme.com');
mail.setSenderDisplayName('Batch Processing');
mail.setSubject('Batch Process Completed');
mail.setPlainTextBody('Batch Process has completed');
Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });
}
}
BatchDelete BDel = new BatchDelete();
Datetime d = Datetime.now();
d = d.addDays(-1);
// Replace this value with the folder ID that contains
// the documents to delete.
String folderId = '00lD000000116lD';
// Query for selecting the documents to delete
BDel.query = 'SELECT Id FROM Document WHERE FolderId=\'' + folderId +
'\' AND CreatedDate < '+d.format('yyyy-MM-dd')+'T'+
d.format('HH:mm')+':00.000Z';
// Invoke the batch job.
ID batchprocessid = Database.executeBatch(BDel);
System.debug('Returned batch process ID: ' + batchProcessId);
在 Batch Apex 中使用标注
要在批处理 Apex 中使用标注，请在类中指定 定义。为 例：
Database.AllowsCallouts
public class SearchAndReplace implements Database.Batchable<sObject>,
Database.AllowsCallouts{
}
public class SummarizeAccountTotal implements
Database.Batchable<sObject>, Database.Stateful{
public final String Query;
public integer Summary;
public SummarizeAccountTotal(String q){Query=q;
Summary = 0;
}
public Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC){
return Database.getQueryLocator(query);
}
public void execute(
Database.BatchableContext BC,
List<sObject> scope){
for(sObject s : scope){
Summary = Integer.valueOf(s.get('total__c'))+Summary;
}
}
public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){
}
}
// Implement the interface using a list of Account sObjects
// Note that the initialState variable is declared as final
public class MyBatchable implements Database.Batchable<sObject> {
private final String initialState;
String query;
public MyBatchable(String intialState) {
this.initialState = initialState;
}
public Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC) {
// Access initialState here
return Database.getQueryLocator(query);
}
public void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC,
List<sObject> batch) {
// Access initialState here
}
public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC) {
// Access initialState here
}
}
仅存储类的初始状态。您不能使用它在 在批处理作业执行期间类的实例。例如，如果将 in 的值，即已处理记录的第二个块 无法访问新值。只有初始值是可访问的。initialStateinitialStateexecute
public static testMethod void testBatch() {
user u = [SELECT ID, UserName FROM User
WHERE username='testuser1@acme.com'];
user u2 = [SELECT ID, UserName FROM User
WHERE username='testuser2@acme.com'];
String u2id = u2.id;
// Create 200 test accounts - this simulates one execute.
// Important - the Salesforce test framework only allows you to
// test one execute.
List <Account> accns = new List<Account>();
for(integer i = 0; i<200; i++){
Account a = new Account(Name='testAccount'+ i,
Ownerid = u.ID);
accns.add(a);
}
insert accns;
Test.StartTest();
OwnerReassignment reassign = new OwnerReassignment();
reassign.query='SELECT ID, Name, Ownerid ' +
'FROM Account ' +
'WHERE OwnerId=\'' + u.Id + '\'' +
' LIMIT 200';
reassign.email='admin@acme.com';
reassign.fromUserId = u.Id;
reassign.toUserId = u2.Id;
ID batchprocessid = Database.executeBatch(reassign);
Test.StopTest();
System.AssertEquals(
database.countquery('SELECT COUNT()'
+' FROM Account WHERE OwnerId=\'' + u2.Id + '\''),
200);
}
}
当方法通过 子查询。避免在 a 中出现关系子查询允许批处理作业使用更快的分块 实现。如果方法 返回一个可迭代对象或一个具有关系子查询的对象，批处理作业使用较慢的非分块， 实现。例如，如果在 中使用以下查询，则批处理作业使用较慢的 由于关系子查询而实现：startQueryLocatorQueryLocatorstartQueryLocatorQueryLocatorSELECT Id, (SELECT id FROM Contacts) FROM Account更好的策略是从执行中单独执行子查询 方法，允许批处理作业使用更快的分块运行 实现。
若要在批处理作业中实现记录锁定，可以重新查询记录 在 execute（） 方法中，如有必要，请使用 FOR UPDATE。这确保了 批处理作业中的 DML 不会覆盖任何冲突的更新。重新查询 记录，只需在批处理作业的主查询定位符中选择 Id 字段即可。
链接批处理作业
从 API 版本 26.0 开始，您可以从现有的 批处理作业，将作业链接在一起。链接批处理作业以在另一个作业之后启动作业 完成以及作业需要批处理时（例如处理大型时） 数据量。否则，如果不需要批处理，请考虑使用 Queueable Apex。
对于以前的 API 版本，您无法从任何批处理 Apex 方法调用或调用。的版本 used 是正在运行的批处理类的版本，该批处理类启动或计划另一个 批处理作业。如果 运行 Batch 类会调用帮助程序类中的方法以启动 Batch 作业，即 API 帮助程序类的版本无关紧要。Database.executeBatchSystem.scheduleBatchfinish
trigger MarkDirtyIfFail on BatchApexErrorEvent (after insert) {
Set<Id> asyncApexJobIds = new Set<Id>();
for(BatchApexErrorEvent evt:Trigger.new){
asyncApexJobIds.add(evt.AsyncApexJobId);
}
Map<Id,AsyncApexJob> jobs = new Map<Id,AsyncApexJob>(
[SELECT id, ApexClass.Name FROM AsyncApexJob WHERE Id IN :asyncApexJobIds]
);
List<Account> records = new List<Account>();
for(BatchApexErrorEvent evt:Trigger.new){
//only handle events for the job(s) we care about
if(jobs.get(evt.AsyncApexJobId).ApexClass.Name == 'AccountUpdaterJob'){
for (String item : evt.JobScope.split(',')) {
Account a = new Account(
Id = (Id)item,
ExceptionType__c = evt.ExceptionType,
Dirty__c = true
);
records.add(a);
}
}
}
update records;
}
测试从 Batch Apex 作业发布的 BatchApexErrorEvent 消息
使用方法 以传送由失败的批处理 Apex 作业发布的事件消息。使用 and 语句块执行 批处理作业。Test.getEventBus().deliver()Test.startTest()Test.stopTest()
try {
Test.startTest();
Database.executeBatch(new SampleBatchApex());
Test.stopTest();
// Batch Apex job executes here
} catch(Exception e) {
// Catch any exceptions thrown in the batch job
}
// The batch job fires BatchApexErrorEvent if it fails, so deliver the event.
Test.getEventBus().deliver();
sObjects 不能作为参数传递给未来方法的原因是 sObject 可以在调用方法的时间和执行方法的时间之间更改。在 在这种情况下，future 方法会获取旧的 sObject 值并可以覆盖它们。工作 替换为数据库中已存在的 sObject，而是传递 sObject ID（或 集合），并使用该 ID 对最新记录执行查询。这 以下示例演示如何使用 ID 列表执行此操作。
global class FutureMethodRecordProcessing
{
@future
public static void processRecords(List<ID> recordIds)
{
// Get those records based on the IDs
List<Account> accts = [SELECT Name FROM Account WHERE Id IN :recordIds];
// Process records
}
}
global class FutureMethodExample
{
@future(callout=true)
public static void getStockQuotes(String acctName)
{
// Perform a callout to an external service
}
}
public class Util {
@future
public static void insertUserWithRole(
String uname, String al, String em, String lname) {
Profile p = [SELECT Id FROM Profile WHERE Name='Standard User'];
UserRole r = [SELECT Id FROM UserRole WHERE Name='COO'];
// Create new user with a non-null user role ID
User u = new User(alias = al, email=em,
emailencodingkey='UTF-8', lastname=lname,
languagelocalekey='en_US',
localesidkey='en_US', profileid = p.Id, userroleid = r.Id,
timezonesidkey='America/Los_Angeles',
username=uname);
insert u;
}
}
此类包含调用已定义的未来方法的 main 方法 以前。
public class MixedDMLFuture {
public static void useFutureMethod() {
// First DML operation
Account a = new Account(Name='Acme');
insert a;
// This next operation (insert a user with a role)
// can't be mixed with the previous insert unless
// it is within a future method.
// Call future method to insert a user with a role.
Util.insertUserWithRole(
'mruiz@awcomputing.com', 'mruiz',
'mruiz@awcomputing.com', 'Ruiz');
}
}
@isTest
private class MixedDMLFutureTest {
@isTest static void test1() {
User thisUser = [SELECT Id FROM User WHERE Id = :UserInfo.getUserId()];
// System.runAs() allows mixed DML operations in test context
System.runAs(thisUser) {
// startTest/stopTest block to run future method synchronously
Test.startTest();
MixedDMLFuture.useFutureMethod();
Test.stopTest();
}
// The future method will run after Test.stopTest();
// Verify account is inserted
Account[] accts = [SELECT Id from Account WHERE Name='Acme'];
System.assertEquals(1, accts.size());
// Verify user is inserted
User[] users = [SELECT Id from User where username='mruiz@awcomputing.com'];
System.assertEquals(1, users.size());
}
}
通常，您引用最新的 Salesforce API 版本和每个已安装的软件包 版本。如果您在未指定 Salesforce API 的情况下保存 Apex 类或触发器 version，则类或触发器与最新安装的版本相关联 违约。如果保存引用 托管包，而不指定托管包的版本、类或 触发器与最新安装的托管软件包版本相关联，具体方法如下 违约。
Apex 类和方法的版本控制
将类和方法添加到 Apex 语言时， 这些类和方法可用于保存 Apex 代码的所有 API 版本 ，无论引入的 API 版本（Salesforce 版本）如何。 例如，如果在 API 版本 33.0 中添加了方法，则可以在 使用 API 版本 33.0 保存的自定义类或使用 API 版本保存的其他类 25.0.
此规则有一个例外。ConnectApi 命名空间的类和方法仅在文档中指定的 API 版本中受支持。为 例如，如果在 API 版本 33.0 中引入了某个类或方法，则该类或方法不可用 在早期版本中。有关更多信息，请参见 ConnectApi 版本控制和相等性检查。
在此示例中，Categories 字段设置为从 测试类 C1，因为“类别”字段在 API 的 13.0 版。nullinsertIdea
第一个类使用 Salesforce API 版本 13.0 保存：
// This class is saved using Salesforce API version 13.0
// Version 13.0 does not include the Idea.categories field
global class C2
{
global Idea insertIdea(Idea a) {
insert a; // category field set to null on insert
// retrieve the new idea
Idea insertedIdea = [SELECT title FROM Idea WHERE Id =:a.Id];
return insertedIdea;
}
}
使用 Salesforce API 版本 16.0 保存以下类：
@IsTest
// This class is bound to API version 16.0 by Version Settings
private class C1
{
static testMethod void testC2Method() {
Idea i = new Idea();
i.CommunityId = '09aD000000004YCIAY';
i.Title = 'Testing Version Settings';
i.Body = 'Categories field is included in API version 16.0';
i.Categories = 'test';
C2 c2 = new C2();
Idea returnedIdea = c2.insertIdea(i);
// retrieve the new idea
Idea ideaMoreFields = [SELECT title, categories FROM Idea
WHERE Id = :returnedIdea.Id];
// assert that the categories field from the object created
// in this class is not null
System.assert(i.Categories != null);
// assert that the categories field created in C2 is null
System.assert(ideaMoreFields.Categories == null);
}
}
public class PairNumbers {
Integer x,y;
public PairNumbers(Integer a, Integer b) {
x=a;
y=b;
}
public Boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj instanceof PairNumbers) {
PairNumbers p = (PairNumbers)obj;
return ((x==p.x) && (y==p.y));
}
return false;
}
public Integer hashCode() {
return (31 * x) ^ y;
}
}
此代码片段使用该类。PairNumbers
Map<PairNumbers, String> m = new Map<PairNumbers, String>();
PairNumbers p1 = new PairNumbers(1,2);
PairNumbers p2 = new PairNumbers(3,4);
// Duplicate key
PairNumbers p3 = new PairNumbers(1,2);
m.put(p1, 'first');
m.put(p2, 'second');
m.put(p3, 'third');
// Map size is 2 because the entry with
// the duplicate key overwrote the first entry.
System.assertEquals(2, m.size());
// Use the == operator
if (p1 == p3) {
System.debug('p1 and p3 are equal.');
}
// Perform some other operations
System.assertEquals(true, m.containsKey(p1));
System.assertEquals(true, m.containsKey(p2));
System.assertEquals(false, m.containsKey(new PairNumbers(5,6)));
for(PairNumbers pn : m.keySet()) {
System.debug('Key: ' + pn);
}
List<String> mValues = m.values();
System.debug('m.values: ' + mValues);
// Create a set
Set<PairNumbers> s1 = new Set<PairNumbers>();
s1.add(p1);
s1.add(p2);
s1.add(p3);
// Verify that we have only two elements
// since the p3 is equal to p1.
System.assertEquals(2, s1.size());
